Gizmos for Newfoundland and Labrador - Science: 8th Grade (Newfoundland and Labrador Curriculum adopted 2009)

This correlation lists the recommended Gizmos for this province's curriculum standards. Click any Gizmo title below for more information.

1: : Water Systems on Earthâ??s Surface

1.1: : Water Cycleâ??s Vital Role

1.1.1: : describe major interactions among the hydrosphere, lithosphere and atmosphere

1.1.1.b: : label a diagram of the water cycle

1.4: : Exploration of Ocean Basins

1.4.1: : describe processes that lead to the development of ocean basins and continental drainage systems. Include:

1.4.1.i: : volcanic action

1.4.1.ii: : plate tectonics

1.5: : Ocean Currents

1.5.4: : interpret trends in data, and explain relationships among the variables

1.8: : Tides

1.8.1: : explain how waves and tides are generated

1.8.1.a: : define tide

1.8.1.b: : explain and illustrate how tides are generated by the gravitational pull of the moon

1.8.1.c: : define tidal range

1.8.1.d: : distinguish between spring tides and neap tides

1.10: : Oceans, Weather and Climate

1.10.1: : describe the interactions of the ocean currents, winds, and regional climates

1.10.1.c: : describe how convection affects weather

1.10.1.d: : describe how oceans moderate climate

1.11: : Water Systems and Species Distributions

1.11.1: : analyze factors that affect productivity and species distribution in freshwater and marine environments

1.11.2: : identify the effects of abiotic factors on plant and animal distributions in marine and freshwater ecosystems. Include:

1.11.2.i: : temperature

1.11.2.ii: : dissolved oxygen

1.11.2.iii: : phosphates

1.11.2.iv: : pH

1.11.2.vi: : pollution

1.11.4: : interpret patterns and trends in data, and infer and explain relationships among the variables

2: : Optics

2.2: : Properties of Visible Light

2.2.1: : identify and describe properties of visible light. Include the following properties, definitions and examples:

2.2.1.i: : travels in a straight line (rectilinear propagation) e.g. shadow formation

2.2.1.ii: : reflects (reflection) e.g. mirrors (specular) and dust (diffuse)

2.2.1.iii: : refracts (refraction) e.g. bent stick effect

2.2.1.iv: : disperses (dispersion) e.g. formation of a rainbow as light separates into its constituent colors

2.2.1.v: : travels through a vacuum (does not require a medium) e.g. light from sun and stars reaching earth through space

2.3: : Electromagnetic Radiation and Dispersion

2.3.1: : identify and evaluate potential applications of what was learned concerning refraction

2.3.1.b: : define the visible light spectrum

2.3.2: : recognize the importance of using the words frequency and wavelength correctly

2.3.2.a: : define frequency

2.3.2.b: : define wavelength

2.3.2.c: : relate the degree of refraction for each of the constituent colors to its wavelength (longest wavelength refracts the least).

2.4: : The Electromagnetic Spectrum

2.4.1: : identify the different types of electromagnetic radiation, including infrared, ultraviolet, X-rays, microwaves, and radio waves

2.4.1.a: : describe the electromagnetic spectrum in terms of wavelength, frequency, and energy. Include, in order of decreasing wavelength (increasing frequency):

2.4.1.a.iii: : infrared

2.4.1.a.iv: : visible light

2.5: : Reflection

2.5.1: : formulate operational definitions for incidence, reflection, and the normal

2.5.1.a: : define:

2.5.1.a.iv: : angle of incidence

2.5.2: : describe applications of the laws of reflection in everyday life. Include:

2.5.2.i: : specular reflection

2.5.3: : use mirrors effectively and accurately for investigating the characteristics of images formed

2.5.4: : define and delimit questions and problems to facilitate investigation

2.6: : Ray Diagrams

2.6.1: : estimate angles of incidence and reflection

2.6.1.a: : recognize that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection

2.6.1.b: : state the Law of Reflection

2.6.1.c: : recognize that a ray diagram is a useful way to represent the behavior of light

2.6.1.d: : construct ray diagrams to describe the formation of an image in a plane mirror. Include:

2.6.1.d.i: : angle of incidence and angle of reflection are always equal

2.7: : Types of Mirrors

2.7.1: : construct a classification key of mirrors

2.7.1.a: : describe three types of mirrors. Include:

2.7.1.a.ii: : concave

2.7.1.a.iii: : convex

2.7.1.b: : provide examples of each type of mirror. Include:

2.7.1.b.i: : bathroom mirror (plane)

2.7.1.b.ii: : inside of a metal spoon (concave)

2.7.1.b.iii: : safety mirror on the front of a school bus (convex)

2.8: : Real and Virtual Images

2.8.1: : use mirrors effectively and accurately for investigating the characteristics of images formed

2.8.1.d: : construct ray diagrams showing the formation of images in curved mirrors. Include:

2.8.1.d.ii: : concave mirrors, when the object is in different positions. Include:

2.8.1.d.ii.b: : object between focal point and 2 x focal length

2.8.1.d.ii.c: : object beyond 2 x focal length

2.9: : Refraction

2.9.2: : describe qualitatively how visible light is refracted

2.9.2.a: : define the process of light refraction. Include:

2.9.2.a.i: : incident ray

2.9.2.a.ii: : refracted ray

2.9.2.a.iii: : angle of incidence

2.9.2.a.iv: : angle of refraction

2.10: : Angles of Incidence and Refraction

2.10.1: : estimate angles of incidence and refraction. Include:

2.10.1.ii: : as light moves from a more dense medium to a less dense medium

2.10.3: : identify that a light ray traveling into a medium of greater density will bend towards the normal, and vice versa

2.10.4: : predict the effect of transparent media of varying densities on the angle of refraction of light. Include:

2.10.4.i: : vegetable oil

2.10.4.ii: : water

2.10.4.iii: : rubbing alcohol

2.11: : Types of Lenses

2.11.1: : construct a classification key of lenses

2.11.1.a: : describe two types of lenses. Include:

2.11.1.a.i: : convex

2.11.1.a.ii: : concave

2.11.1.b: : provide examples of each type of lens. Include:

2.11.1.b.ii: : eye glasses (convex)

2.11.1.b.iii: : eye glasses (concave)

2.11.1.c: : describe how lenses correct near-sightedness and farsightedness

2.11.2: : estimate focal length of a convex lens by finding its focal point

2.11.2.a: : define focal length

2.12: : Lenses and Images

2.12.1: : describe qualitatively how visible light is refracted

2.12.1.b: : construct ray diagrams to describe the formation of an image in a convex lens, when the objectâ??s distance changes. Include:

2.12.1.b.i: : object between focal point and lens

2.12.1.b.ii: : object between focal point and 2x focal length

2.12.1.c: : construct ray diagrams to describe the formation of an image in a concave lens, when the objectâ??s distance changes. Include:

2.12.1.c.i: : object between focal point and lens

2.12.1.c.ii: : object between focal point and 2x focal length

3: : Fluids

3.4: : Defining Density

3.4.1: : describe the relationship among the mass, volume, and density of solids, liquids and gases using the Particle Theory

3.4.1.c: : define density

3.5: : Determining Density

3.5.1: : analyze quantitatively the density of various substances

3.5.1.a: : calculate the density of a material, given mass and volume

3.5.1.b: : calculate the mass of a material, given density and volume

3.5.1.c: : calculate the volume of a material, given density and mass

3.5.2: : use instruments effectively and accurately for collecting data

3.5.5: : calculate the density of various objects. Include:

3.5.5.i: : irregular shaped objects

3.5.5.ii: : liquids

3.5.5.iii: : granular objects

3.5.5.iv: : regular shaped objects

3.6: : Changes in Density

3.6.1: : explain the effects of changes in temperature on the density of solids, liquids, and gases and relate the results to the Particle Theory

3.6.1.a: : identify examples of density changes (resulting from a temperature change) in everyday life. Include:

3.6.1.a.iii: : water in its three states

3.6.2: : describe situations in life where the density of substances naturally changes or is intentionally changed. Include:

3.6.2.iii: : salt water being easier to float in

3.8: : Buoyancy and Buoyant Forces

3.8.1: : describe the connection between weight, buoyancy, and sinking or floating

3.8.1.a: : define buoyancy

3.8.1.b: : apply the concept of balanced and unbalanced forces to the buoyancy and weight of an object to explain why it sinks or floats

3.9: : Applications of Buoyancy

3.9.1: : provide examples of technologies that have been developed because of our understanding of density and buoyancy. Include:

3.9.1.a: : define average density

3.9.1.b: : list examples of materials that may sink or float, depending on the application. Include:

3.9.1.b.i: : wooden boats vs. a water logged stick

3.9.1.b.ii: : metal block vs. metal boats

3.9.1.b.iii: : a sealed, empty plastic bottle vs. a plastic bottle full of water

4: : Cells, Tissues, Organs and Systems

4.2: : Define cell

4.3: : Describe the four characteristics common to living things. Include:

4.3.iii: : response to stimuli

4.15: : Examine and explain the role of the following organelles:

4.15.i: : cell wall

4.15.ii: : cell membrane

4.15.iii: : chloroplast

4.15.iv: : cytoplasm

4.15.v: : nucleus

4.15.vi: : vacuole

4.15.viii: : mitochondria

4.16: : Label organelles on diagrams of typical plant and animal cells.

4.17: : State the cell theory

4.21: : Produce labeled drawings of each type of cell.

4.22: : List three differences between plant and animal cells. Include:

4.22.i: : plant cells have chloroplasts

4.22.ii: : plant cells have cell walls, therefore they have a regular shape

4.22.iii: : plant cells have fewer, and larger, vacuoles

4.25: : Relate the needs and functions of various cells and organs to the needs and functions of the human organism as a whole.

4.28: : describe these levels of organization found in living things.

4.28.iv: : organ systems

4.31: : Identify the main function of the following organ systems in keeping organisms alive.

4.31.i: : circulatory

4.31.iii: : digestive

4.33: : Explain the roles that diet, nutrition, exercise and stress have on the systems mentioned above.

4.37: : Provide examples of scientific knowledge that have resulted in the development of technologies

4.38: : Describe how a communityâ??s needs can lead to developments in science and technology

4.43: : State a hypothesis based on background information or an observed pattern of events.

4.48: : Describe three examples of the interdependence of various systems of the human body. Include:

4.48.i: : circulatory/respiratory

4.48.ii: : digestive/circulatory

4.48.iii: : nervous/muscular

Correlation last revised: 9/16/2020

Newfoundland and Labrador - Science: 8th Grade

Newfoundland and Labrador Curriculum | Adopted: 2009

1: : Water Systems on Earthâ??s Surface

2: : Optics

3: : Fluids

4: : Cells, Tissues, Organs and Systems