Gwinnett, GA: 8th Grade (2018) Gizmos | Browse by Core Curriculum

8SC.A: Content

8SC.A.1: obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the structure and properties of matter

8SC.A.1.b: develop and use models to describe the movement of particles in solids, liquids, gases and plasma states when thermal energy is added or removed

8SC.A.1.d: use evidence to argue whether a change is physical or chemical (e.g., development of a gas, formation of a precipitate, change in energy and/or change in color)

8SC.A.1.e: construct subatomic models of atoms, including drawings, and/or computer representations, which depict protons, neutrons, and electrons

8SC.A.1.g: construct an explanation based on evidence to describe conservation of matter and mass in a chemical reaction including the resulting differences between products and reactants

8SC.A.2: obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the Law of Conservation of Energy to develop arguments that energy can transform from one form to another within a system (forms of energy include, but are not limited to, heat/thermal, light/radiant, chemical, nuclear, mechanical - kinetic and potential, sound, and electrical)

8SC.A.2.a: analyze and interpret data to create graphical displays that illustrate the relationships of kinetic energy to mass and speed and gravitational potential energy to mass and height of an object

8SC.A.2.b: plan and carry out an investigation to explain the transformation between kinetic and potential energy within a system (e.g. roller coasters, pendulums, rubber bands, etc.)

8SC.A.2.c: construct an explanation about energy transformations within a system [e.g., lighting a match (chemical to heat and light), turning on a light (electrical to light and heat)]

8SC.A.2.d: plan and carry out investigations on the effects of heat transfer on molecular motion as it relates to the collision of atoms (conduction), through space (infrared radiation), or in currents in liquids or a gas (convection currents)

8SC.A.3: obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about cause-and-effect relationships between force, mass, and the motion of objects

8SC.A.3.a: analyze and interpret data to identify patterns in the relationships between speed and distance, and velocity and acceleration

8SC.A.3.b: construct an explanation using Newton?s Laws of Motion to describe the effects of balanced and unbalanced forces on the motion of an object

8SC.A.3.c: construct an argument from evidence to support the claim that more massive objects require a greater force to accelerate (inertia)

8SC.A.3.d: investigate and communicate information about the six simple machines and how they make work easier

8SC.A.4: obtain, evaluate, and communicate information to support the claim that electromagnetic (e.g., light, microwave, and radio) waves behave differently than mechanical (e.g., sound and vibration) waves

8SC.A.4.a: ask questions to develop explanations about the similarities and differences between electromagnetic and mechanical waves

8SC.A.4.b: construct an explanation using data to illustrate the relationship between the electromagnetic spectrum and energy

8SC.A.4.c: obtain, evaluate, and communicate information to explain practical applications of the electromagnetic spectrum (e.g., communication, medical, military)

8SC.A.4.d: develop and use a model to compare and contrast how light and sound waves interact with matter [reflection (e.g. echoes and color), refraction (including separation of light into colors), absorption, diffraction, transmission]

8SC.A.4.f: develop and use a model (e.g., simulations, graphs, illustrations) to predict and describe the relationships between wave properties (e.g., frequency/pitch, amplitude/intensity/loudness, and wavelength) and energy

8SC.A.4.g: develop and use models to demonstrate the effects and functions of concave/convex lenses using real-world applications (e.g. microscopes, glasses, contacts, telescopes, magnifying glasses)

8SC.A.5: obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the phenomena of gravity, electricity, and magnetism as major forces acting in nature

8SC.A.5.a: construct an argument using evidence to support the claim that fields (i.e., magnetic fields, gravitational fields, and electrical fields) exist between objects exerting forces on each other even when the objects are not in contact

8SC.A.5.c: plan and carry out investigations to identify the factors that affect the strength of electric forces (e.g. distance between objects)

8SC.A.5.e: plan and carry out investigations to identify the factors that affect the strength of an electromagnet/solenoid (e.g. magnetic force produced by an electromagnet with varying number of wire turns, varying number or size of dry cells, and varying size of iron core)

8SC.A.5.f: model and carry out investigations about how electric current moves through basic series and parallel circuits