Gizmos for Ontario - Science: 12th Grade Chemistry: University Prep. (Ontario Curriculum adopted 2008)

This correlation lists the recommended Gizmos for this province's curriculum standards. Click any Gizmo title below for more information.

A: : Scientific Investigation Skills and Career Exploration

A1: : demonstrate scientific investigation skills (related to both inquiry and research) in the four areas of skills (initiating and planning, performing and recording, analysing and interpreting, and communicating);

A1.1: : formulate relevant scientific questions about observed relationships, ideas, problems, or issues, make informed predictions, and/or formulate educated hypotheses to focus inquiries or research

A1.5: : conduct inquiries, controlling relevant variables, adapting or extending procedures as required, and using appropriate materials and equipment safely, accurately, and effectively, to collect observations and data

A1.6: : compile accurate data from laboratory and other sources, and organize and record the data, using appropriate formats, including tables, flow charts, graphs, and/or diagrams

A1.8: : synthesize, analyse, interpret, and evaluate qualitative and/or quantitative data; solve problems involving quantitative data; determine whether the evidence supports or refutes the initial prediction or hypothesis and whether it is consistent with scientific theory; identify sources of bias and error; and suggest improvements to the inquiry to reduce the likelihood of error

A1.10: : draw conclusions based on inquiry results and research findings, and justify their conclusions with reference to scientific knowledge

A1.13: : express the results of any calculations involving data accurately and precisely, to the appropriate number of decimal places and significant figures

B: : Organic Chemistry

B3: : demonstrate an understanding of the structure, properties, and chemical behaviour of compounds within each class of organic compounds.

B3.3: : explain the chemical changes that occur during various types of organic chemical reactions, including substitution, addition, elimination, oxidation, esterification, and hydrolysis

B3.4: : explain the difference between an addition reaction and a condensation polymerization reaction

C: : Structure and Properties of Matter

C2: : investigate the molecular shapes and physical properties of various types of matter;

C2.1: : use appropriate terminology related to structure and properties of matter, including, but not limited to: orbital, emission spectrum, energy level, photon, and dipole

C2.2: : use the Pauli exclusion principle, Hund’s rule, and the aufbau principle to write electron configurations for a variety of elements in the periodic table

C3: : demonstrate an understanding of atomic structure and chemical bonding, and how they relate to the physical properties of ionic, molecular, covalent network, and metallic substances.

C3.1: : explain how experimental observations and inferences made by Ernest Rutherford and Niels Bohr contributed to the development of the planetary model of the hydrogen atom

C3.2: : describe the electron configurations of a variety of elements in the periodic table, using the concept of energy levels in shells and subshells, as well as the Pauli exclusion principle, Hund’s rule, and the aufbau principle

C3.3: : identify the characteristic properties of elements in each of the s, p, and d blocks of the periodic table, and explain the relationship between the position of an element in the periodic table, its properties, and its electron configuration

D: : Energy Changes and Rates of Reaction

D2: : investigate and analyse energy changes and rates of reaction in physical and chemical processes, and solve related problems;

D2.1: : use appropriate terminology related to energy changes and rates of reaction, including, but not limited to: enthalpy, activation energy, endothermic, exothermic, potential energy, and specific heat capacity

D2.5: : solve problems related to energy changes in a chemical reaction, using Hess’s law

D2.6: : conduct an inquiry to test Hess’s law (e.g., measure heats of reaction from the combustion of magnesium, and combine them to yield the “Delta”H value of the reaction)

D2.7: : calculate the heat of reaction for a formation reaction, using a table of standard enthalpies of formation and applying Hess’s law

D2.8: : plan and conduct an inquiry to determine how various factors (e.g., change in temperature, addition of a catalyst, increase in surface area of a solid reactant) affect the rate of a chemical reaction

D3: : demonstrate an understanding of energy changes and rates of reaction.

D3.2: : compare the energy change from a reaction in which bonds are formed to one in which bonds are broken, and explain these changes in terms of endothermic and exothermic reactions

D3.4: : state Hess’s law, and explain, using examples, how it is applied to find the enthalpy changes of a reaction

D3.5: : explain, using collision theory and potential energy diagrams, how factors such as temperature, the surface area of the reactants, the nature of the reactants, the addition of catalysts, and the concentration of the solution control the rate of a chemical reaction

D3.7: : explain, with reference to a simple chemical reaction (e.g., combustion), how the rate of a reaction is determined by the series of elementary steps that make up the overall reaction mechanism

E: : Chemical Systems and Equilibrium

E1: : analyse chemical equilibrium processes, and assess their impact on biological, biochemical, and technological systems;

E1.2: : assess the impact of chemical equilibrium processes on various biological, biochemical, and technological systems (e.g., remediation in areas of heavy metal contamination, development of gallstones, use of buffering in medications, use of barium sulfate in medical diagnosis)

E2: : investigate the qualitative and quantitative nature of chemical systems at equilibrium, and solve related problems;

E2.1: : use appropriate terminology related to chemical systems and equilibrium, including, but not limited to: homogeneous, closed system, reversible reaction, equilibrium constant, equilibrium concentration, molar solubility, and buffer

E2.2: : predict, applying Le Châtelier’s principle or the reaction quotient for a given reaction, how various factors (e.g., changes in volume, temperature, or concentration of reactants or products in a solution) would affect a chemical system at equilibrium, and conduct an inquiry to test those predictions

E2.3: : conduct an inquiry to determine the value of an equilibrium constant for a chemical reaction (e.g., Keq for iron(III) thiocyanate, Ksp for calcium hydroxide, Ka for acetic acid)

E2.4: : solve problems related to equilibrium by performing calculations involving concentrations of reactants and products (e.g., Keq, Ksp, Ka, pH, pOH, Kp, Kb)

E2.5: : solve problems related to acid–base equilibrium, using acid–base titration data and the pH at the equivalence point

E3: : demonstrate an understanding of the concept of dynamic equilibrium and the variables that cause shifts in the equilibrium of chemical systems.

E3.1: : explain the concept of dynamic equilibrium, using examples of physical and chemical equilibrium systems (e.g., liquid–vapour equilibrium, weak electrolytes in solution, reversible chemical reactions)

E3.2: : explain the concept of chemical equilibrium and how it applies to the concentration of reactants and products in a chemical reaction at equilibrium

E3.3: : explain Le Châtelier’s principle and how it applies to changes to a chemical reaction at equilibrium

E3.4: : identify common equilibrium constants, including Keq, Ksp, Kw, Ka, Kb, and Kp, and write the expressions for each

E3.6: : explain the Brønsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases

F: : Electrochemistry

F2: : investigate oxidation-reduction reactions using a galvanic cell, and analyse electrochemical reactions in qualitative and quantitative terms;

F2.1: : use appropriate terminology related to electrochemistry, including, but not limited to: half-reaction, electrochemical cell, reducing agent, oxidizing agent, redox reaction, and oxidation number

Correlation last revised: 9/16/2020

Ontario - Science: 12th Grade Chemistry: University Prep.

Ontario Curriculum | Adopted: 2008