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- Mathematics: 8th Grade
Colorado - Mathematics: 8th Grade
21st Century Skills and Readiness Competencies | Adopted: 2010
S.1: : Number Sense, Properties, and Operations
S.1.GLE.1: : In the real number system, rational and irrational numbers are in one to one correspondence to points on the number line
S.1.GLE.1.RA: : Relevance and Application:
S.1.GLE.1.RA.1: : Irrational numbers have applications in geometry such as the length of a diagonal of a one by one square, the height of an equilateral triangle, or the area of a circle.
Circumference and Area of Circles
Resize a circle and compare its radius, circumference, and area. 5 Minute Preview
S.1.GLE.1.RA.3: : Technologies such as calculators and computers enable people to order and convert easily among fractions, decimals, and percents.
Percents, Fractions, and Decimals
Compare a quantity represented by an area with its percent, fraction, and decimal forms. 5 Minute Preview
S.1.GLE.1.N: : Nature of Mathematics:
S.1.GLE.1.N.2: : Mathematicians reason abstractly and quantitatively.
Biconditional Statements
Make a biconditional statement from a given definition using word tiles. Use both symbolic form and standard English form. 5 Minute Preview
Conditional Statements
Make a conditional statement from a given fact using word tiles. Use both symbolic form and standard English form. 5 Minute Preview
S.2: : Patterns, Functions, and Algebraic Structures
S.2.GLE.1: : Linear functions model situations with a constant rate of change and can be represented numerically, algebraically, and graphically
S.2.GLE.1.RA: : Relevance and Application:
S.2.GLE.1.RA.2: : Understanding slope as rate of change allows individuals to develop and use a line of best fit for data that appears to be linearly related.
Solving Using Trend Lines
Examine the scatter plots for data related to weather at different latitudes. The Gizmo includes three different data sets, one with negative correlation, one positive, and one with no correlation. Compare the least squares best-fit line. 5 Minute Preview
S.2.GLE.1.RA.3: : The ability to recognize slope and y-intercept of a linear function facilitates graphing the function or writing an equation that describes the function.
Absolute Value with Linear Functions
Compare the graph of a linear function, the graph of an absolute-value function, and the graphs of their translations. Vary the coefficients and constants in the functions and investigate how the graphs change in response. 5 Minute Preview
Cat and Mouse (Modeling with Linear Systems)
Experiment with a system of two lines representing a cat-and-mouse chase. Adjust the speeds of the cat and mouse and the head start of the mouse, and immediately see the effects on the graph and on the chase. Connect real-world meaning to slope, y-intercept, and the intersection of lines. 5 Minute Preview
Point-Slope Form of a Line
Compare the point-slope form of a linear equation to its graph. Vary the coefficients and explore how the graph changes in response. 5 Minute Preview
Slope-Intercept Form of a Line
Compare the slope-intercept form of a linear equation to its graph. Vary the coefficients and explore how the graph changes in response. 5 Minute Preview
Standard Form of a Line
Compare the standard form of a linear equation to its graph. Vary the coefficients and explore how the graph changes in response. 5 Minute Preview
S.2.GLE.1.N: : Nature of Mathematics:
S.2.GLE.1.N.1: : Mathematicians represent functions in multiple ways to gain insights into the relationships they model.
Function Machines 1 (Functions and Tables)
Drop a number into a function machine, and see what number comes out! You can use one of the six pre-set function machines, or program your own function rule into one of the blank machines. Stack up to three function machines together. Input and output can be recorded in a table and on a graph. 5 Minute Preview
Introduction to Functions
Determine if a relation is a function using the mapping diagram, ordered pairs, or the graph of the relation. Drag arrows from the domain to the range, type in ordered pairs, or drag points to the graph to add inputs and outputs to the relation. 5 Minute Preview
S.2.GLE.1.N.2: : Mathematicians model with mathematics.
Estimating Population Size
Adjust the number of fish in a lake to be tagged and the number of fish to be recaptured. Use the number of tagged fish in the catch to estimate the number of fish in the lake. 5 Minute Preview
S.2.GLE.2: : Properties of algebra and equality are used to solve linear equations and systems of equations
S.2.GLE.2.IQ: : Inquiry Questions:
S.2.GLE.2.IQ.1: : What makes a solution strategy both efficient and effective?
Estimating Population Size
Adjust the number of fish in a lake to be tagged and the number of fish to be recaptured. Use the number of tagged fish in the catch to estimate the number of fish in the lake. 5 Minute Preview
S.2.GLE.2.RA: : Relevance and Application:
S.2.GLE.2.RA.1: : The understanding and use of equations, inequalities, and systems of equations allows for situational analysis and decision-making. For example, it helps people choose cell phone plans, calculate credit card interest and payments, and determine health insurance costs.
Solving Linear Systems (Matrices and Special Solutions)
Explore systems of linear equations, and how many solutions a system can have. Express systems in matrix form. See how the determinant of the coefficient matrix reveals how many solutions a system of equations has. Also, use a draggable green point to see what it means for an (x, y) point to be a solution of an equation, or of a system of equations. 5 Minute Preview
Solving Linear Systems (Standard Form)
Solve systems of linear equations, written in standard form. Explore what it means to solve systems algebraically (with substitution or elimination) and graphically. Also, use a draggable green point to see what it means when (x, y) values are solutions of an equation, or of a system of equations. 5 Minute Preview
S.2.GLE.2.RA.2: : Recognition of the significance of the point of intersection for two linear equations helps to solve problems involving two linear rates such as determining when two vehicles traveling at constant speeds will be in the same place, when two calling plans cost the same, or the point when profits begin to exceed costs.
Cat and Mouse (Modeling with Linear Systems)
Experiment with a system of two lines representing a cat-and-mouse chase. Adjust the speeds of the cat and mouse and the head start of the mouse, and immediately see the effects on the graph and on the chase. Connect real-world meaning to slope, y-intercept, and the intersection of lines. 5 Minute Preview
Solving Equations by Graphing Each Side
Solve an equation by graphing each side and finding the intersection of the lines. Vary the coefficients in the equation and explore how the graph changes in response. 5 Minute Preview
S.2.GLE.2.N: : Nature of Mathematics:
S.2.GLE.2.N.3: : Mathematicians make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.
Estimating Population Size
Adjust the number of fish in a lake to be tagged and the number of fish to be recaptured. Use the number of tagged fish in the catch to estimate the number of fish in the lake. 5 Minute Preview
S.2.GLE.3: : Graphs, tables and equations can be used to distinguish between linear and nonlinear functions
S.2.GLE.3.IQ: : Inquiry Questions:
S.2.GLE.3.IQ.2: : Why are patterns and relationships represented in multiple ways?
Linear Functions
Determine if a relation is a function from the mapping diagram, ordered pairs, or graph. Use the graph to determine if it is linear. 5 Minute Preview
Pattern Finder
Observe frogs jumping around on colored lily pads. Find, test, and reason about patterns you see in their jumping. 5 Minute Preview
S.2.GLE.3.IQ.3: : What properties of a function make it a linear function?
Function Machines 3 (Functions and Problem Solving)
Drop a number into a function machine, and see what number comes out! You can use one of the six pre-set function machines, or program your own function rule into one of the blank machines. Stack up to three function machines together. Input and output can be recorded in a table and on a graph. 5 Minute Preview
Graphs of Polynomial Functions
Study the graphs of polynomials up to the fourth degree. Vary the coefficients of the equation and investigate how the graph changes in response. Explore things like intercepts, end behavior, and even near-zero behavior. 5 Minute Preview
Linear Functions
Determine if a relation is a function from the mapping diagram, ordered pairs, or graph. Use the graph to determine if it is linear. 5 Minute Preview
Slope-Intercept Form of a Line
Compare the slope-intercept form of a linear equation to its graph. Vary the coefficients and explore how the graph changes in response. 5 Minute Preview
S.2.GLE.3.RA: : Relevance and Application:
S.2.GLE.3.RA.1: : Recognition that non-linear situations is a clue to non-constant growth over time helps to understand such concepts as compound interest rates, population growth, appreciations, and depreciation.
Compound Interest
Explore compound interest in-depth, from compounded annually to compounded continuously. In addition, compare the END POINTS graph, with dots that fit an exponential curve, to the ALL TIME graph, which has a more step-like appearance. 5 Minute Preview
S.3: : Data Analysis, Statistics, and Probability
S.3.GLE.1: : Visual displays and summary statistics of two-variable data condense the information in data sets into usable knowledge
S.3.GLE.1.IQ: : Inquiry Questions:
S.3.GLE.1.IQ.2: : How is it known that an apparent trend is just a coincidence?
Correlation
Explore the relationship between the correlation coefficient of a data set and its graph. Fit a line to the data and compare the least-squares fit line. 5 Minute Preview
Solving Using Trend Lines
Examine the scatter plots for data related to weather at different latitudes. The Gizmo includes three different data sets, one with negative correlation, one positive, and one with no correlation. Compare the least squares best-fit line. 5 Minute Preview
Trends in Scatter Plots
Examine the scatter plot for a random data set with negative or positive correlation. Vary the correlation and explore how correlation is reflected in the scatter plot and the trend line. 5 Minute Preview
S.3.GLE.1.IQ.3: : How can correct data lead to incorrect conclusions?
Conditional Statements
Make a conditional statement from a given fact using word tiles. Use both symbolic form and standard English form. 5 Minute Preview
S.3.GLE.1.RA: : Relevance and Application:
S.3.GLE.1.RA.1: : The ability to analyze and interpret data helps to distinguish between false relationships such as developing superstitions from seeing two events happen in close succession versus identifying a credible correlation.
Box-and-Whisker Plots
Construct a box-and-whisker plot to match a line plots, and construct a line plot to match a box-and-whisker plots. Manipulate the line plot and examine how the box-and-whisker plot changes. Then manipulate the box-and-whisker plot and examine how the line plot changes. 5 Minute Preview
Polling: City
Poll residents in a large city to determine their response to a yes-or-no question. Estimate the actual percentage of yes votes in the whole city. Examine the results of many polls to help assess how reliable the results from a single poll are. See how the normal curve approximates a binomial distribution for large enough polls. 5 Minute Preview
Real-Time Histogram
Try to click your mouse once every 2 seconds. The time interval between each click is recorded, as well as the error and percent error. Data can be displayed in a table, histogram, or scatter plot. Observe and measure the characteristics of the resulting distribution when large amounts of data are collected. 5 Minute Preview
S.3.GLE.1.RA.2: : Data analysis provides the tools to use data to model relationships, make predictions, and determine the reasonableness and limitations of those predictions. For example, predicting whether staying up late affects grades, or the relationships between education and income, between income and energy consumption, or between the unemployment rate and GDP.
Polling: City
Poll residents in a large city to determine their response to a yes-or-no question. Estimate the actual percentage of yes votes in the whole city. Examine the results of many polls to help assess how reliable the results from a single poll are. See how the normal curve approximates a binomial distribution for large enough polls. 5 Minute Preview
S.3.GLE.1.N: : Nature of Mathematics:
S.3.GLE.1.N.2: : Mathematicians construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others.
Biconditional Statements
Make a biconditional statement from a given definition using word tiles. Use both symbolic form and standard English form. 5 Minute Preview
S.3.GLE.1.N.3: : Mathematicians model with mathematics.
Estimating Population Size
Adjust the number of fish in a lake to be tagged and the number of fish to be recaptured. Use the number of tagged fish in the catch to estimate the number of fish in the lake. 5 Minute Preview
S.4: : Shape, Dimension, and Geometric Relationships
S.4.GLE.1: : Transformations of objects can be used to define the concepts of congruence and similarity
S.4.GLE.1.IQ: : Inquiry Questions:
S.4.GLE.1.IQ.2: : How can you physically verify that two lines are really parallel?
Parallel, Intersecting, and Skew Lines
Explore the properties of intersecting, parallel, and skew lines as well as lines in the plane. Rotate the plane and lines in three-dimensional space to ensure a full understanding of these objects. 5 Minute Preview
S.4.GLE.1.RA: : Relevance and Application:
S.4.GLE.1.RA.1: : Dilations are used to enlarge or shrink pictures.
Dilations
Dilate a figure and investigate its resized image. See how scaling a figure affects the coordinates of its vertices, both in
Similar Figures
Vary the scale factor and rotation of an image and compare it to the preimage. Determine how the angle measures and side lengths of the two figures are related. 5 Minute Preview
S.4.GLE.1.N: : Nature of Mathematics:
S.4.GLE.1.N.2: : Mathematicians construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others.
Biconditional Statements
Make a biconditional statement from a given definition using word tiles. Use both symbolic form and standard English form. 5 Minute Preview
S.4.GLE.1.N.3: : Mathematicians model with mathematics.
Estimating Population Size
Adjust the number of fish in a lake to be tagged and the number of fish to be recaptured. Use the number of tagged fish in the catch to estimate the number of fish in the lake. 5 Minute Preview
S.4.GLE.2: : Direct and indirect measurement can be used to describe and make comparisons
S.4.GLE.2.IQ: : Inquiry Questions:
S.4.GLE.2.IQ.1: : Why does the Pythagorean Theorem only apply to right triangles?
Distance Formula
Explore the distance formula as an application of the Pythagorean theorem. Learn to see any two points as the endpoints of the hypotenuse of a right triangle. Drag those points and examine changes to the triangle and the distance calculation. 5 Minute Preview
Pythagorean Theorem
Explore the Pythagorean Theorem using a dynamic right triangle. Examine a visual, geometric application of the Pythagorean Theorem, using the areas of squares on the sides of the triangle. 5 Minute Preview
Pythagorean Theorem with a Geoboard
Build right triangles in an interactive geoboard and build squares on the sides of the triangles to discover the Pythagorean Theorem. 5 Minute Preview
S.4.GLE.2.IQ.2: : How can the Pythagorean Theorem be used for indirect measurement?
Distance Formula
Explore the distance formula as an application of the Pythagorean theorem. Learn to see any two points as the endpoints of the hypotenuse of a right triangle. Drag those points and examine changes to the triangle and the distance calculation. 5 Minute Preview
Pythagorean Theorem
Explore the Pythagorean Theorem using a dynamic right triangle. Examine a visual, geometric application of the Pythagorean Theorem, using the areas of squares on the sides of the triangle. 5 Minute Preview
Pythagorean Theorem with a Geoboard
Build right triangles in an interactive geoboard and build squares on the sides of the triangles to discover the Pythagorean Theorem. 5 Minute Preview
S.4.GLE.2.IQ.3: : How are the distance formula and the Pythagorean theorem the same? Different?
Circles
Compare the graph of a circle with its equation. Vary the terms in the equation and explore how the circle is translated and scaled in response. 5 Minute Preview
Distance Formula
Explore the distance formula as an application of the Pythagorean theorem. Learn to see any two points as the endpoints of the hypotenuse of a right triangle. Drag those points and examine changes to the triangle and the distance calculation. 5 Minute Preview
S.4.GLE.2.IQ.4: : How are the volume formulas for cones, cylinders, prisms and pyramids interrelated?
Prisms and Cylinders
Vary the height and base-edge or radius length of a prism or cylinder and examine how its three-dimensional representation changes. Determine the area of the base and the volume of the solid. Compare the volume of an oblique prism or cylinder to the volume of a right prism or cylinder. 5 Minute Preview
Pyramids and Cones
Vary the height and base-edge or radius length of a pyramid or cone and examine how its three-dimensional representation changes. Determine the area of the base and the volume of the solid. Compare the volume of a skew pyramid or cone to the volume of a right pyramid or cone. 5 Minute Preview
S.4.GLE.2.RA: : Relevance and Application:
S.4.GLE.2.RA.1: : The understanding of indirect measurement strategies allows measurement of features in the immediate environment such as playground structures, flagpoles, and buildings.
Estimating Population Size
Adjust the number of fish in a lake to be tagged and the number of fish to be recaptured. Use the number of tagged fish in the catch to estimate the number of fish in the lake. 5 Minute Preview
Similar Figures
Vary the scale factor and rotation of an image and compare it to the preimage. Determine how the angle measures and side lengths of the two figures are related. 5 Minute Preview
S.4.GLE.2.RA.2: : Knowledge of how to use right triangles and the Pythagorean Theorem enables design and construction of such structures as a properly pitched roof, handicap ramps to meet code, structurally stable bridges, and roads.
Distance Formula
Explore the distance formula as an application of the Pythagorean theorem. Learn to see any two points as the endpoints of the hypotenuse of a right triangle. Drag those points and examine changes to the triangle and the distance calculation. 5 Minute Preview
Pythagorean Theorem
Explore the Pythagorean Theorem using a dynamic right triangle. Examine a visual, geometric application of the Pythagorean Theorem, using the areas of squares on the sides of the triangle. 5 Minute Preview
Pythagorean Theorem with a Geoboard
Build right triangles in an interactive geoboard and build squares on the sides of the triangles to discover the Pythagorean Theorem. 5 Minute Preview
S.4.GLE.2.RA.3: : The ability to find volume helps to answer important questions such as how to minimize waste by redesigning packaging or maximizing volume by using a circular base.
Prisms and Cylinders
Vary the height and base-edge or radius length of a prism or cylinder and examine how its three-dimensional representation changes. Determine the area of the base and the volume of the solid. Compare the volume of an oblique prism or cylinder to the volume of a right prism or cylinder. 5 Minute Preview
S.4.GLE.2.N: : Nature of Mathematics:
S.4.GLE.2.N.3: : Mathematicians make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.
Estimating Population Size
Adjust the number of fish in a lake to be tagged and the number of fish to be recaptured. Use the number of tagged fish in the catch to estimate the number of fish in the lake. 5 Minute Preview
S.4.GLE.2.N.4: : Mathematicians construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others.
Biconditional Statements
Make a biconditional statement from a given definition using word tiles. Use both symbolic form and standard English form. 5 Minute Preview
Correlation last revised: 9/22/2020
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Students assume the role of a scientist trying to solve a real world problem. They use scientific practices to collect and analyze data, and form and test a hypothesis as they solve the problems.
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