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  • PHIL Learning Competencies Standards
  • Science: General Chemistry 1

PHIL Learning Competencies - Science: General Chemistry 1

Most Essential Learning Competencies | Adopted: 2022

This correlation lists the recommended Gizmos for this state's curriculum standards. Click any Gizmo title below for more information.

Chem11.1: : First Quarter


Chem11.1.5: : Recognize common isotopes and their uses

Screenshot of Isotopes

Isotopes

Explore what isotopes are by adding protons and neutrons to the nucleus of an atom. Plot both stable and radioactive isotopes on a graph of neutrons vs. protons, and explore how the neutron:proton ratio of stable isotopes changes from lighter to heavier elements. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
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Chem11.1.6: : Represent compounds using chemical formulas, structural formulas and models

Screenshot of Chemical Equations

Chemical Equations

Practice balancing chemical equations by changing the coefficients of reactants and products. As the equation is manipulated, the amount of each element is shown as individual atoms, histograms, or numerically. Molar masses of reactants and products can also be calculated and balanced to demonstrate conservation of mass. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
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Screenshot of Covalent Bonds

Covalent Bonds

Choose a substance, and then move electrons between atoms to form covalent bonds and build molecules. Observe the orbits of shared electrons in single, double, and triple covalent bonds. Compare the completed molecules to the corresponding Lewis diagrams. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo
Screenshot of Ionic Bonds

Ionic Bonds

Simulate ionic bonds between a variety of metals and nonmetals. Select a metal and a nonmetal atom, and transfer electrons from one to the other. Observe the effect of gaining and losing electrons on charge, and rearrange the atoms to represent the molecular structure. Additional metal and nonmetal atoms can be added to the screen, and the resulting chemical formula can be displayed. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo
Screenshot of Molecule Builder

Molecule Builder

Create molecules using building blocks of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and other elements. Connect atoms by bonds, then create double or triple bonds if desired. For each completed molecule, write the chemical formula and, if the molecule is included in the database, observe the 3D structure. Create a variety of challenge molecules including cyclic molecules and isomers. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.1.7: : Name compounds given their formula and write formula given the name of the compound

Screenshot of Ionic Bonds

Ionic Bonds

Simulate ionic bonds between a variety of metals and nonmetals. Select a metal and a nonmetal atom, and transfer electrons from one to the other. Observe the effect of gaining and losing electrons on charge, and rearrange the atoms to represent the molecular structure. Additional metal and nonmetal atoms can be added to the screen, and the resulting chemical formula can be displayed. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.1.10: : Write and balance chemical equations

Screenshot of Balancing Chemical Equations

Balancing Chemical Equations

Balance and classify five types of chemical reactions: synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, and combustion. While balancing the reactions, the number of atoms on each side is presented as visual, histogram, and numerical data. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo
Screenshot of Chemical Equations

Chemical Equations

Practice balancing chemical equations by changing the coefficients of reactants and products. As the equation is manipulated, the amount of each element is shown as individual atoms, histograms, or numerically. Molar masses of reactants and products can also be calculated and balanced to demonstrate conservation of mass. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo
Screenshot of Water Crisis - High School

Water Crisis - High School

There has been an outbreak of legionnaires’ disease in a small town. This disease is caused by legionella bacteria that proliferate in contaminated water supplies. Students take on the role of an environmental chemist to investigate the source of legionella and use stoichiometry to decontaminate the water supply and remediate the disease outbreak. Video Preview


Lesson Info
STEM Cases

Chem11.1.13: : Explain the concept of limiting reagent in a chemical reaction; identify the excess reagent(s)

Screenshot of Limiting Reactants

Limiting Reactants

Explore the concepts of limiting reactants, excess reactants, and theoretical yield in a chemical reaction. Select one of two different reactions, choose the number of molecules of each reactant, and then observe the products created and the reactants left over. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.1.14: : (LAB) Determine mass relationship in a chemical reaction

Screenshot of Chemical Equations

Chemical Equations

Practice balancing chemical equations by changing the coefficients of reactants and products. As the equation is manipulated, the amount of each element is shown as individual atoms, histograms, or numerically. Molar masses of reactants and products can also be calculated and balanced to demonstrate conservation of mass. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo
Screenshot of Moles

Moles

Understand the definition of a mole and determine the Avogadro constant by adding atoms or formula units to a balance until the mass in grams is equal to the atomic or formula mass. Manipulate a conceptual model to understand how the number of particles, the number of moles, and the mass are related. Then use dimensional analysis to convert between particles, moles, and mass. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo
Screenshot of Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry

Solve problems in chemistry using dimensional analysis. Select appropriate tiles so that units in the question are converted into units of the answer. Tiles can be flipped, and answers can be calculated once the appropriate unit conversions have been applied. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo
Screenshot of Water Crisis - High School

Water Crisis - High School

There has been an outbreak of legionnaires’ disease in a small town. This disease is caused by legionella bacteria that proliferate in contaminated water supplies. Students take on the role of an environmental chemist to investigate the source of legionella and use stoichiometry to decontaminate the water supply and remediate the disease outbreak. Video Preview


Lesson Info
STEM Cases

Chem11.1.15: : Define pressure and give the common units of pressure

Screenshot of Boyle's Law and Charles's Law

Boyle's Law and Charles's Law

Investigate the properties of an ideal gas by performing experiments in which the temperature is held constant (Boyle's Law), and others in which the pressure remains fixed (Charles's Law). The pressure is controlled through the placement of masses on the lid of the container, and temperature is controlled with an adjustable heat source. Gay-Lussac's law relating pressure to temperature can also be explored by keeping the volume constant. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo
Screenshot of Ideal Gas Law

Ideal Gas Law

Explore relationships between amount, temperature, pressure, and volume for an ideal gas in a chamber with a moveable piston. Discover rules of proportionality contained in Boyle's law, Charles's law, Avogadro's law, and Gay-Lussac's law. Use these relationships to derive the ideal gas law and calculate the value of the ideal gas constant. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.1.16: : Use the gas laws to determine pressure, volume, or temperature of a gas under certain conditions of change

Screenshot of Boyle's Law and Charles's Law

Boyle's Law and Charles's Law

Investigate the properties of an ideal gas by performing experiments in which the temperature is held constant (Boyle's Law), and others in which the pressure remains fixed (Charles's Law). The pressure is controlled through the placement of masses on the lid of the container, and temperature is controlled with an adjustable heat source. Gay-Lussac's law relating pressure to temperature can also be explored by keeping the volume constant. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo
Screenshot of Ideal Gas Law

Ideal Gas Law

Explore relationships between amount, temperature, pressure, and volume for an ideal gas in a chamber with a moveable piston. Discover rules of proportionality contained in Boyle's law, Charles's law, Avogadro's law, and Gay-Lussac's law. Use these relationships to derive the ideal gas law and calculate the value of the ideal gas constant. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.1.17: : Use the ideal gas equation to calculate pressure, volume, temperature, or number of moles of a gas

Screenshot of Ideal Gas Law

Ideal Gas Law

Explore relationships between amount, temperature, pressure, and volume for an ideal gas in a chamber with a moveable piston. Discover rules of proportionality contained in Boyle's law, Charles's law, Avogadro's law, and Gay-Lussac's law. Use these relationships to derive the ideal gas law and calculate the value of the ideal gas constant. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.1.18: : Use Dalton?s law of partial pressures to relate mole fraction and partial pressure of gases in a mixture

Screenshot of Equilibrium and Pressure

Equilibrium and Pressure

Observe how reactants and products interact in reversible reactions. The amounts of each substance can be manipulated, as well as the pressure on the chamber. This lesson focuses on partial pressures, Dalton's law, and Le Chatelier's principle. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.1.19: : Apply the principles of stoichiometry to determine the amounts (volume, number of moles, or mass) of gaseous reactants and products

Screenshot of Ideal Gas Law

Ideal Gas Law

Explore relationships between amount, temperature, pressure, and volume for an ideal gas in a chamber with a moveable piston. Discover rules of proportionality contained in Boyle's law, Charles's law, Avogadro's law, and Gay-Lussac's law. Use these relationships to derive the ideal gas law and calculate the value of the ideal gas constant. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo
Screenshot of Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry

Solve problems in chemistry using dimensional analysis. Select appropriate tiles so that units in the question are converted into units of the answer. Tiles can be flipped, and answers can be calculated once the appropriate unit conversions have been applied. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.2: : Second Quarter


Chem11.2: : Second Quarter

Screenshot of Electron Configuration

Electron Configuration

Create the electron configuration of any element by filling electron orbitals. Determine the relationship between electron configuration and atomic radius. Discover trends in atomic radii across periods and down families/groups of the periodic table. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.2.23: : Draw an orbital diagram to represent the electronic configuration of atoms

Screenshot of Electron Configuration

Electron Configuration

Create the electron configuration of any element by filling electron orbitals. Determine the relationship between electron configuration and atomic radius. Discover trends in atomic radii across periods and down families/groups of the periodic table. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.2.25: : Apply the octet rule in the formation of molecular covalent compounds

Screenshot of Covalent Bonds

Covalent Bonds

Choose a substance, and then move electrons between atoms to form covalent bonds and build molecules. Observe the orbits of shared electrons in single, double, and triple covalent bonds. Compare the completed molecules to the corresponding Lewis diagrams. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.2.27: : Draw Lewis structure of molecular covalent compounds

Screenshot of Covalent Bonds

Covalent Bonds

Choose a substance, and then move electrons between atoms to form covalent bonds and build molecules. Observe the orbits of shared electrons in single, double, and triple covalent bonds. Compare the completed molecules to the corresponding Lewis diagrams. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.2.29: : Determine the polarity of simple molecules

Screenshot of Polarity and Intermolecular Forces

Polarity and Intermolecular Forces

Combine various metal and nonmetal atoms to observe how the electronegativity difference determines the polarity of chemical bonds. Place molecules into an electric field to experimentally determine if they are polar or nonpolar. Create different mixtures of polar and nonpolar molecules to explore the intermolecular forces that arise between them. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo
Screenshot of Sticky Molecules

Sticky Molecules

Learn about molecular polarity and how polarity gives rise to intermolecular forces. Measure four macroscopic properties of liquids (cohesion, adhesion, surface tension, and capillary rise). Compare these properties for different liquids and relate them to whether the substances are polar or nonpolar. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.2.31: : Describe structural isomerism; give examples

Screenshot of Molecule Builder

Molecule Builder

Create molecules using building blocks of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and other elements. Connect atoms by bonds, then create double or triple bonds if desired. For each completed molecule, write the chemical formula and, if the molecule is included in the database, observe the 3D structure. Create a variety of challenge molecules including cyclic molecules and isomers. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.2.35: : Describe the structure of proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates, and relate them to their function

Screenshot of Dehydration Synthesis

Dehydration Synthesis

Build a glucose molecule, atom-by-atom, to learn about chemical bonds and the structure of glucose. Explore the processes of dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis in carbohydrate molecules. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
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Correlation last revised: 1/26/2024

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