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  • PHIL Learning Competencies Standards
  • Science: General Chemistry 2

PHIL Learning Competencies - Science: General Chemistry 2

Most Essential Learning Competencies | Adopted: 2022

This correlation lists the recommended Gizmos for this state's curriculum standards. Click any Gizmo title below for more information.

Chem11.3: : Third Quarter


Chem11.3.2: : Describe and differentiate the types of intermolecular forces

Screenshot of Polarity and Intermolecular Forces

Polarity and Intermolecular Forces

Combine various metal and nonmetal atoms to observe how the electronegativity difference determines the polarity of chemical bonds. Place molecules into an electric field to experimentally determine if they are polar or nonpolar. Create different mixtures of polar and nonpolar molecules to explore the intermolecular forces that arise between them. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo
Screenshot of Sticky Molecules

Sticky Molecules

Learn about molecular polarity and how polarity gives rise to intermolecular forces. Measure four macroscopic properties of liquids (cohesion, adhesion, surface tension, and capillary rise). Compare these properties for different liquids and relate them to whether the substances are polar or nonpolar. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.3.3: : Describe the following properties of liquids, and explain the effect of intermolecular forces on these properties: surface tension, viscosity, vapor pressure, boiling point, and molar heat of vaporization

Screenshot of Colligative Properties

Colligative Properties

Determine how the physical properties of a solvent are dependent on the number of solute particles present. Measure the vapor pressure, boiling point, freezing point, and osmotic pressure of pure water and a variety of solutions. Compare the effects of four solutes (sucrose, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, and potassium chloride) on these physical properties. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo
Screenshot of Melting Points

Melting Points

Every substance has unique transition points, or temperatures at which one phase (solid, liquid, or gas) transitions to another. Use a realistic melting point apparatus to measure the melting points, boiling points, and/or sublimation points of different substances and observe what these phase changes look like at the microscopic level. Based on the transition points, make inferences about the relative strengths of the forces holding these substances together. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo
Screenshot of Sticky Molecules

Sticky Molecules

Learn about molecular polarity and how polarity gives rise to intermolecular forces. Measure four macroscopic properties of liquids (cohesion, adhesion, surface tension, and capillary rise). Compare these properties for different liquids and relate them to whether the substances are polar or nonpolar. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.3.4: : Explain the properties of water with its molecular structure and intermolecular forces

Screenshot of Sticky Molecules

Sticky Molecules

Learn about molecular polarity and how polarity gives rise to intermolecular forces. Measure four macroscopic properties of liquids (cohesion, adhesion, surface tension, and capillary rise). Compare these properties for different liquids and relate them to whether the substances are polar or nonpolar. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.3.8: : Use different ways of expressing concentration of solutions: percent by mass, mole fraction, molarity, molality, percent by volume, percent by mass, ppm

Screenshot of Titration

Titration

Measure the quantity of a known solution needed to neutralize an acid or base of unknown concentration. Use this information to calculate the unknown concentration. A variety of indicators can be used to show the pH of the solution. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo
Screenshot of Water Crisis - High School

Water Crisis - High School

There has been an outbreak of legionnaires’ disease in a small town. This disease is caused by legionella bacteria that proliferate in contaminated water supplies. Students take on the role of an environmental chemist to investigate the source of legionella and use stoichiometry to decontaminate the water supply and remediate the disease outbreak. Video Preview


Lesson Info
STEM Cases

Chem11.3.9: : Perform stoichiometric calculations for reactions in solution

Screenshot of Water Crisis - High School

Water Crisis - High School

There has been an outbreak of legionnaires’ disease in a small town. This disease is caused by legionella bacteria that proliferate in contaminated water supplies. Students take on the role of an environmental chemist to investigate the source of legionella and use stoichiometry to decontaminate the water supply and remediate the disease outbreak. Video Preview


Lesson Info
STEM Cases

Chem11.3.10: : Describe the effect of concentration on the colligative properties of solutions

Screenshot of Colligative Properties

Colligative Properties

Determine how the physical properties of a solvent are dependent on the number of solute particles present. Measure the vapor pressure, boiling point, freezing point, and osmotic pressure of pure water and a variety of solutions. Compare the effects of four solutes (sucrose, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, and potassium chloride) on these physical properties. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.3.14: : Describe laboratory procedures in determining concentration of solutions

Screenshot of Titration

Titration

Measure the quantity of a known solution needed to neutralize an acid or base of unknown concentration. Use this information to calculate the unknown concentration. A variety of indicators can be used to show the pH of the solution. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo
Screenshot of Water Crisis - High School

Water Crisis - High School

There has been an outbreak of legionnaires’ disease in a small town. This disease is caused by legionella bacteria that proliferate in contaminated water supplies. Students take on the role of an environmental chemist to investigate the source of legionella and use stoichiometry to decontaminate the water supply and remediate the disease outbreak. Video Preview


Lesson Info
STEM Cases

Chem11.3.16: : Explain enthalpy of a reaction

Screenshot of Reaction Energy

Reaction Energy

Exothermic chemical reactions release energy, while endothermic reactions absorb energy. But what causes some reactions to be exothermic, and others to be endothermic? In this simulation, compare the energy absorbed in breaking bonds to the energy released in forming bonds to determine if a reaction will be exothermic or endothermic. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.3.17: : Calculate the change in enthalpy of a given reaction using Hess Law

Screenshot of Reaction Energy

Reaction Energy

Exothermic chemical reactions release energy, while endothermic reactions absorb energy. But what causes some reactions to be exothermic, and others to be endothermic? In this simulation, compare the energy absorbed in breaking bonds to the energy released in forming bonds to determine if a reaction will be exothermic or endothermic. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.3.18: : Describe how various factors influence the rate of a reaction

Screenshot of Collision Theory

Collision Theory

Observe a chemical reaction with and without a catalyst. Determine the effects of concentration, temperature, surface area, and catalysts on reaction rates. Reactant and product concentrations through time are recorded, and the speed of the simulation can be adjusted by the user. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.3.20: : Explain reactions qualitatively in terms of molecular collisions

Screenshot of Collision Theory

Collision Theory

Observe a chemical reaction with and without a catalyst. Determine the effects of concentration, temperature, surface area, and catalysts on reaction rates. Reactant and product concentrations through time are recorded, and the speed of the simulation can be adjusted by the user. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.3.21: : Explain activation energy and how a catalyst affects the reaction rate

Screenshot of Collision Theory

Collision Theory

Observe a chemical reaction with and without a catalyst. Determine the effects of concentration, temperature, surface area, and catalysts on reaction rates. Reactant and product concentrations through time are recorded, and the speed of the simulation can be adjusted by the user. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.4: : Fourth Quarter


Chem11.4.26: : Explain chemical equilibrium in terms of the reaction rates of the forward and the reverse reaction

Screenshot of Equilibrium and Concentration

Equilibrium and Concentration

Observe how reactants and products interact in reversible reactions. The initial amount of each substance can be manipulated, as well as the pressure on the chamber. The amounts, concentrations, and partial pressures of each reactant and product can be tracked over time as the reaction proceeds toward equilibrium. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo
Screenshot of Equilibrium and Pressure

Equilibrium and Pressure

Observe how reactants and products interact in reversible reactions. The amounts of each substance can be manipulated, as well as the pressure on the chamber. This lesson focuses on partial pressures, Dalton's law, and Le Chatelier's principle. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo
Screenshot of Ocean Carbon Equilibrium - High School

Ocean Carbon Equilibrium - High School

Mussel farmers in the Arctic Ocean have reported problems with their mussels. They have noticed that the mussel shells have eroded and become brittle. Students take on the role of a marine chemist to analyze the changes to ocean carbon chemistry and equilibrium to determine the cause of the mussel shell erosion. Video Preview


Lesson Info
STEM Cases

Chem11.4.27: : Calculate equilibrium constant and the pressure or concentration of reactants or products in an equilibrium mixture

Screenshot of Equilibrium and Concentration

Equilibrium and Concentration

Observe how reactants and products interact in reversible reactions. The initial amount of each substance can be manipulated, as well as the pressure on the chamber. The amounts, concentrations, and partial pressures of each reactant and product can be tracked over time as the reaction proceeds toward equilibrium. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo
Screenshot of Equilibrium and Pressure

Equilibrium and Pressure

Observe how reactants and products interact in reversible reactions. The amounts of each substance can be manipulated, as well as the pressure on the chamber. This lesson focuses on partial pressures, Dalton's law, and Le Chatelier's principle. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.4.28: : State the Le Chatelier?s principle and apply it qualitatively to describe the effect of changes in pressure, concentration and temperature on a system at equilibrium

Screenshot of Equilibrium and Pressure

Equilibrium and Pressure

Observe how reactants and products interact in reversible reactions. The amounts of each substance can be manipulated, as well as the pressure on the chamber. This lesson focuses on partial pressures, Dalton's law, and Le Chatelier's principle. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo
Screenshot of Ocean Carbon Equilibrium - High School

Ocean Carbon Equilibrium - High School

Mussel farmers in the Arctic Ocean have reported problems with their mussels. They have noticed that the mussel shells have eroded and become brittle. Students take on the role of a marine chemist to analyze the changes to ocean carbon chemistry and equilibrium to determine the cause of the mussel shell erosion. Video Preview


Lesson Info
STEM Cases

Chem11.4.29: : Define Bronsted acids and bases

Screenshot of Titration

Titration

Measure the quantity of a known solution needed to neutralize an acid or base of unknown concentration. Use this information to calculate the unknown concentration. A variety of indicators can be used to show the pH of the solution. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.4.31: : Calculate pH from the concentration of hydrogen ion or hydroxide ions in aqueous solutions

Screenshot of Titration

Titration

Measure the quantity of a known solution needed to neutralize an acid or base of unknown concentration. Use this information to calculate the unknown concentration. A variety of indicators can be used to show the pH of the solution. 5 Minute Preview


Lesson Info
Launch Gizmo

Chem11.4.34: : Define oxidation and reduction reactions

Screenshot of Electrons and Chemical Reactions - High School

Electrons and Chemical Reactions - High School

The Secret Service has arrested suspects accused of counterfeiting coins from 1915 valued at $50,000 each. The students act as a forensic scientist to investigate the crime scene and examine the evidence. Students learn about electrons and chemical reactions to recreate the methods used to make the coins and prepare evidence for the court case. Video Preview


Lesson Info
STEM Cases

Correlation last revised: 1/26/2024

About STEM Cases

Students assume the role of a scientist trying to solve a real world problem. They use scientific practices to collect and analyze data, and form and test a hypothesis as they solve the problems.

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STEM Cases take between 30-90 minutes for students to complete, depending on the case.

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© 2025 ExploreLearning. All rights reserved. Gizmo and Gizmos are registered trademarks of ExploreLearning. STEM Cases, Handbooks and the associated Realtime Reporting System are protected by US Patent No. 10,410,534

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