2: Number Sense and Numeration

2.1: Overall Expectations

2.1.1: read, represent, compare, and order whole numbers to 1 000 000, decimal numbers to thousandths, proper and improper fractions, and mixed numbers;

Comparing and Ordering Decimals
Comparing and Ordering Fractions
Comparing and Ordering Rational Numbers
Fraction Garden (Comparing Fractions)
Modeling Decimals (Area and Grid Models)
Modeling Fractions (Area Models)
Ordering Percents, Fractions and Decimals
Ordering Percents, Fractions and Decimals Greater Than 1
Treasure Hunter (Decimals on the Number Line)

2.1.2: solve problems involving the multiplication and division of whole numbers, and the addition and subtraction of decimal numbers to thousandths, using a variety of strategies;

Sums and Differences with Decimals

2.1.3: demonstrate an understanding of relationships involving percent, ratio, and unit rate.

Part:Part and Part:Whole Ratios
Percents and Proportions
Polling: Neighborhood
Road Trip (Problem Solving)

2.2: Quantity Relationships

2.2.1: represent, compare, and order whole numbers and decimal numbers from 0.001 to 1 000 000, using a variety of tools (e.g., number lines with appropriate increments, base ten materials for decimals);

Adding Decimals (Base-10 Blocks)
Comparing and Ordering Decimals
Comparing and Ordering Fractions
Comparing and Ordering Integers
Comparing and Ordering Rational Numbers
Modeling Decimals (Area and Grid Models)
Modeling Decimals (Base-10 Blocks)
Ordering Percents, Fractions and Decimals
Ordering Percents, Fractions and Decimals Greater Than 1
Treasure Hunter (Decimals on the Number Line)

2.2.2: demonstrate an understanding of place value in whole numbers and decimal numbers from 0.001 to 1 000 000, using a variety of tools and strategies (e.g. use base ten materials to represent the relationship between 1, 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001) (Sample problem: How many thousands cubes would be needed to make a base ten block for 1 000 000?);

Adding Decimals (Base-10 Blocks)
Modeling Decimals (Base-10 Blocks)
Subtracting Decimals (Base-10 Blocks)
Treasure Hunter (Decimals on the Number Line)

2.2.4: represent, compare, and order fractional amounts with unlike denominators, including proper and improper fractions and mixed numbers, using a variety of tools (e.g., fraction circles, Cuisenaire rods, drawings, number lines, calculators) and using standard fractional notation (Sample problem: Use fraction strips to show that 1 1/2 is greater than 5/4.);

Comparing and Ordering Fractions
Comparing and Ordering Rational Numbers
Fraction Garden (Comparing Fractions)
Fractions Greater than One (Fraction Tiles)
Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers
Modeling Fractions (Area Models)
Ordering Percents, Fractions and Decimals
Ordering Percents, Fractions and Decimals Greater Than 1

2.2.5: estimate quantities using benchmarks of 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% (e.g., the container is about 75% full; approximately 50% of our students walk to school);

Percents and Proportions

2.2.7: identify composite numbers and prime numbers, and explain the relationship between them (i.e., any composite number can be factored into prime factors) (e.g., 42 = 2 x 3 x 7).

Factor Trees (Factoring Numbers)
Finding Factors with Area Models

2.3: Operational Sense

2.3.1: use a variety of mental strategies to solve addition, subtraction,multiplication, and division problems involving whole numbers (e.g., use the commutative property: 4 x 16 x 5 = 4 x 5 x 16, which gives 20 x 16 = 320; use the distributive property: (500 + 15) Ö 5 = 500 Ö 5 + 15 Ö 5, which gives 100 + 3 = 103);

Adding Real Numbers
Chocomatic (Multiplication, Arrays, and Area)

2.3.3: add and subtract decimal numbers to thousandths, using concrete materials, estimation, algorithms, and calculators;

Adding Decimals (Base-10 Blocks)
Subtracting Decimals (Base-10 Blocks)
Sums and Differences with Decimals

2.3.4: multiply and divide decimal numbers to tenths by whole numbers, using concrete materials, estimation, algorithms, and calculators (e.g., calculate 4 x 1.4 using base ten materials; calculate 5.6 Ö 4 using base ten materials);

Modeling Decimals (Base-10 Blocks)
Multiplying with Decimals

2.3.5: multiply whole numbers by 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001 using mental strategies (e.g., use a calculator to look for patterns and generalize to develop a rule);

Multiplying Decimals (Area Model)
Multiplying with Decimals

2.3.6: multiply and divide decimal numbers by 10, 100, 1000, and 10 000 using mental strategies (e.g.,"To convert 0.6 m2 to square centimetres, I calculated in my head 0.6 x 10 000 and got 6000 cm2.") (Sample problem: Use a calculator to help you generalize a rule for multiplying numbers by 10 000.);

Multiplying Decimals (Area Model)
Multiplying with Decimals

2.3.7: use estimation when solving problems involving the addition and subtraction of whole numbers and decimals, to help judge the reasonableness of a solution;

Estimating Sums and Differences
Sums and Differences with Decimals

2.3.8: explain the need for a standard order for performing operations, by investigating the impact that changing the order has when performing a series of operations (Sample problem: Calculate and compare the answers to 3 + 2 x 5 using a basic fourfunction calculator and using a scientific calculator.).

Order of Operations

2.4: Proportional Relationships

2.4.1: represent ratios found in real-life contexts, using concrete materials, drawings, and standard fractional notation (Sample problem: In a classroom of 28 students, 12 are female. What is the ratio of male students to female students?);

Part:Part and Part:Whole Ratios
Polling: Neighborhood

2.4.2: determine and explain, through investigation using concrete materials, drawings, and calculators, the relationships among fractions (i.e., with denominators of 2, 4, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, and 100), decimal numbers, and percents (e.g., use a 10 x 10 grid to show that 1/4 = 0.25 or 25%.);

Percents, Fractions and Decimals

2.4.3: represent relationships using unit rates (Sample problem: If 5 batteries cost $4.75, what is the cost of 1 battery?).

Road Trip (Problem Solving)

3: Measurement

3.1: Overall Expectations

3.1.1: estimate, measure, and record quantities, using the metric measurement system;

Measuring Motion

3.1.2: determine the relationships among units and measurable attributes, including the area of a parallelogram, the area of a triangle, and the volume of a triangular prism.

Area of Parallelograms - Activity A
Prisms and Cylinders - Activity A

3.2: Attributes, Units, and Measurement Sense

3.2.1: demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between estimated and precise measurements, and determine and justify when each kind is appropriate (Sample problem:You are asked how long it takes you to travel a given distance. How is the method you use to determine the time related to the precision of the measurement?);

Measuring Motion
Triple Beam Balance

3.2.2: estimate, measure, and record length, area, mass, capacity, and volume, using the metric measurement system.

Prisms and Cylinders - Activity A

3.3: Measurement Relationships

3.3.1: select and justify the appropriate metric unit (i.e., millimetre, centimetre, decimetre, metre, decametre, kilometre) to measure length or distance in a given real-life situation (Sample problem: Select and justify the unit that should be used to measure the perimeter of the school.);

Measuring Trees

3.3.3: construct a rectangle, a square, a triangle, and a parallelogram, using a variety of tools (e.g., concrete materials, geoboard, dynamic geometry software, grid paper), given the area and/or perimeter (Sample problem: Create two different triangles with an area of 12 square units, using a geoboard.);

Area of Parallelograms - Activity A
Fido's Flower Bed (Perimeter and Area)
Rectangle: Perimeter and Area

3.3.4: determine, through investigation using a variety of tools (e.g., pattern blocks, Power Polygons, dynamic geometry software, grid paper) and strategies (e.g., paper folding, cutting, and rearranging), the relationship between the area of a rectangle and the areas of parallelograms and triangles, by decomposing (e.g., cutting up a parallelogram into a rectangle and two congruent triangles) and composing (e.g., combining two congruent triangles to form a parallelogram) (Sample problem: Decompose a rectangle and rearrange the parts to compose a parallelogram with the same area. Decompose a parallelogram into two congruent triangles, and compare the area of one of the triangles with the area of the parallelogram.);

Area of Parallelograms - Activity A
Fido's Flower Bed (Perimeter and Area)
Rectangle: Perimeter and Area

3.3.5: develop the formulas for the area of a parallelogram (i.e., Area of parallelogram = base x height) and the area of a triangle [i.e., Area of triangle = (base x height) Ö 2], using the area relationships among rectangles, parallelograms, and triangles (Sample problem: Use dynamic geometry software to show that parallelograms with the same height and the same base all have the same area.);

Area of Parallelograms - Activity A
Perimeter, Circumference, and Area - Activity B
Rectangle: Perimeter and Area

3.3.6: solve problems involving the estimation and calculation of the areas of triangles and the areas of parallelograms (Sample problem: Calculate the areas of parallelograms that share the same base and the same height, including the special case where the parallelogram is a rectangle.);

Area of Parallelograms - Activity A
Measuring Motion
Rectangle: Perimeter and Area

3.3.8: determine, through investigation using a variety of tools and strategies (e.g., decomposing rectangular prisms into triangular prisms; stacking congruent triangular layers of concrete materials to form a triangular prism), the relationship between the height, the area of the base, and the volume of a triangular prism, and generalize to develop the formula (i.e., Volume = area of base x height) (Sample problem: Create triangular prisms by splitting rectangular prisms in half. For each prism, record the area of the base, the height, and the volume on a chart. Identify relationships.);

Balancing Blocks (Volume)
Prisms and Cylinders - Activity A

3.3.9: determine, through investigation using a variety of tools (e.g., nets, concrete materials, dynamic geometry software, Polydrons) and strategies, the surface area of rectangular and triangular prisms;

Surface and Lateral Area of Prisms and Cylinders
Surface and Lateral Area of Pyramids and Cones

3.3.10: solve problems involving the estimation and calculation of the surface area and volume of triangular and rectangular prisms (Sample problem: How many square centimetres of wrapping paper are required to wrap a box that is 10 cm long, 8 cm wide, and 12 cm high?).

Balancing Blocks (Volume)
Prisms and Cylinders - Activity A
Surface and Lateral Area of Prisms and Cylinders

4: Geometry and Spatial Sense

4.1: Overall Expectations

4.1.1: classify and construct polygons and angles;

Classifying Quadrilaterals - Activity A
Classifying Triangles

4.1.3: describe location in the first quadrant of a coordinate system, and rotate two-dimensional shapes.

Points in the Coordinate Plane - Activity A
Rock Art (Transformations)
Rotations, Reflections and Translations

4.2: Geometric Properties

4.2.1: sort and classify quadrilaterals by geometric properties related to symmetry, angles, and sides, through investigation using a variety of tools (e.g., geoboard, dynamic geometry software) and strategies (e.g., using charts, using Venn diagrams);

Classifying Quadrilaterals - Activity A
Classifying Triangles
Quilting Bee (Symmetry)

4.2.2: sort polygons according to the number of lines of symmetry and the order of rotational symmetry, through investigation using a variety of tools (e.g., tracing paper, dynamic geometry software, Mira);

Classifying Quadrilaterals - Activity A
Classifying Triangles
Holiday Snowflake Designer
Quilting Bee (Symmetry)

4.2.3: measure and construct angles up to 180¡ using a protractor, and classify them as acute, right, obtuse, or straight angles;

Classifying Triangles

4.2.4: construct polygons using a variety of tools, given angle and side measurements (Sample problem: Use dynamic geometry software to construct trapezoids with a 45¡ angle and a side measuring 11 cm.).

Classifying Triangles

4.3: Geometric Relationships

4.3.1: build three-dimensional models using connecting cubes, given isometric sketches or different views (i.e., top, side, front) of the structure (Sample problem: Given the top, side, and front views of a structure, build it using the smallest number of cubes possible.);

3D and Orthographic Views - Activity A

4.3.2: sketch, using a variety of tools (e.g., isometric dot paper, dynamic geometry software), isometric perspectives and different views (i.e., top, side, front) of three-dimensional figures built with interlocking cubes.

3D and Orthographic Views - Activity A

4.4: Location and Movement

4.4.1: explain how a coordinate system represents location, and plot points in the first quadrant of a Cartesian coordinate plane;

City Tour (Coordinates)
Points in the Coordinate Plane - Activity A

4.4.2: identify, perform, and describe, through investigation using a variety of tools (e.g., grid paper, tissue paper, protractor, computer technology), rotations of 180¼ and clockwise and counterclockwise rotations of 90¡, with the centre of rotation inside or outside the shape;

Rock Art (Transformations)
Rotations, Reflections and Translations

4.4.3: create and analyse designs made by reflecting, translating, and/or rotating a shape, or shapes, by 90¼ or 180¼ (Sample problem: Identify rotations of 90¡ or 180¡ that map congruent shapes, in a given design, onto each other.).

Quilting Bee (Symmetry)
Rock Art (Transformations)
Rotations, Reflections and Translations

5: Patterning and Algebra

5.1: Overall Expectations

5.1.1: describe and represent relationships in growing and shrinking patterns (where the terms are whole numbers), and investigate repeating patterns involving rotations;

Arithmetic Sequences
Arithmetic and Geometric Sequences
Finding Patterns
Geometric Sequences
Rock Art (Transformations)
Rotations, Reflections and Translations

5.1.2: use variables in simple algebraic expressions and equations to describe relationships.

Using Algebraic Equations
Using Algebraic Expressions

5.2: Patterns and Relationships

5.2.1: identify geometric patterns, through investigation using concrete materials or drawings, and represent them numerically;

Arithmetic and Geometric Sequences
Finding Patterns
Geometric Sequences

5.2.2: make tables of values, for growing patterns given pattern rules, in words (e.g., start with 3, then double each term and add 1 to get the next term), then list the ordered pairs (with the first coordinate representing the term number and the second coordinate representing the term) and plot the points in the first quadrant, using a variety of tools (e.g., graph paper, calculators, dynamic statistical software);

Arithmetic Sequences
City Tour (Coordinates)
Function Machines 1 (Functions and Tables)
Function Machines 2 (Functions, Tables, and Graphs)
Function Machines 3 (Functions and Problem Solving)
Introduction to Functions
Points in the Coordinate Plane - Activity A
Using Tables, Rules and Graphs

5.2.3: determine the term number of a given term in a growing pattern that is represented by a pattern rule in words, a table of values, or a graph (Sample problem: For the pattern rule "start with 1 and add 3 to each term to get the next term", use graphing to find the term number when the term is 19.);

Arithmetic Sequences
Function Machines 1 (Functions and Tables)
Function Machines 2 (Functions, Tables, and Graphs)
Function Machines 3 (Functions and Problem Solving)
Using Tables, Rules and Graphs

5.2.4: describe pattern rules (in words) that generate patterns by adding or subtracting a constant, or multiplying or dividing by a constant, to get the next term (e.g., for 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, ..., the pattern rule is "start with 1 and add 2 to each term to get the next term"), then distinguish such pattern rules from pattern rules, given in words, that describe the general term by referring to the term number (e.g., for 2, 4, 6, 8, ..., the pattern rule for the general term is "double the term number");

Arithmetic Sequences
Arithmetic and Geometric Sequences
Finding Patterns
Geometric Sequences

5.2.5: determine a term, given its term number, by extending growing and shrinking patterns that are generated by adding or subtracting a constant, or multiplying or dividing by a constant, to get the next term (Sample problem: For the pattern 5000, 4750, 4500, 4250, 4000, 3750, ..., find the 15th term. Explain your reasoning.);

Arithmetic Sequences
Arithmetic and Geometric Sequences
Geometric Sequences

5.2.6: extend and create repeating patterns that result from rotations, through investigation using a variety of tools (e.g., pattern blocks, dynamic geometry software, geoboards, dot paper).

Arithmetic and Geometric Sequences
Finding Patterns
Rock Art (Transformations)
Rotations, Reflections and Translations

5.3: Variables, Expressions, and Equations

5.3.4: determine the solution to a simple equation with one variable, through investigation using a variety of tools and strategies (e.g., modelling with concrete materials, using guess and check with and without the aid of a calculator) (Sample problem: Use the method of your choice to determine the value of the variable in the equation 2 x n + 3 = 11. Is there more than one possible solution? Explain your reasoning.).

Modeling and Solving Two-Step Equations
Solving Two-Step Equations

6: Data Management and Probability

6.1: Overall Expectations

6.1.1: collect and organize discrete or continuous primary data and secondary data and display the data using charts and graphs, including continuous line graphs;

Elevator Operator (Line Graphs)
Graphing Skills
Mascot Election (Pictographs and Bar Graphs)

6.1.2: read, describe, and interpret data, and explain relationships between sets of data;

Reaction Time 1 (Graphs and Statistics)
Reaction Time 2 (Graphs and Statistics)

6.1.3: determine the theoretical probability of an outcome in a probability experiment, and use it to predict the frequency of the outcome.

Geometric Probability - Activity A
Probability Simulations
Spin the Big Wheel! (Probability)
Theoretical and Experimental Probability

6.2: Collection and Organization of Data

6.2.1: collect data by conducting a survey (e.g., use an Internet survey tool) or an experiment to do with themselves, their environment, issues in their school or community, or content from another subject, and record observations or measurements;

Mascot Election (Pictographs and Bar Graphs)

6.2.2: collect and organize discrete or continuous primary data and secondary data (e.g., electronic data from websites such as E-Stat or Census At Schools) and display the data in charts, tables, and graphs (including continuous line graphs) that have appropriate titles, labels (e.g., appropriate units marked on the axes), and scales (e.g., with appropriate increments) that suit the range and distribution of the data, using a variety of tools (e.g., graph paper, spreadsheets, dynamic statistical software);

Describing Data Using Statistics
Elevator Operator (Line Graphs)
Graphing Skills
Mascot Election (Pictographs and Bar Graphs)
Reaction Time 1 (Graphs and Statistics)
Reaction Time 2 (Graphs and Statistics)

6.2.3: select an appropriate type of graph to represent a set of data, graph the data using technology, and justify the choice of graph (i.e., from types of graphs already studied, such as pictographs, horizontal or vertical bar graphs, stem-and-leaf plots, double bar graphs, broken-line graphs, and continuous line graphs);

Describing Data Using Statistics
Elevator Operator (Line Graphs)
Graphing Skills
Mascot Election (Pictographs and Bar Graphs)
Reaction Time 1 (Graphs and Statistics)
Reaction Time 2 (Graphs and Statistics)
Stem-and-Leaf Plots

6.3: Data Relationships

6.3.1: read, interpret, and draw conclusions from primary data (e.g., survey results, measurements, observations) and from secondary data (e.g., sports data in the newspaper, data from the Internet about movies), presented in charts, tables, and graphs (including continuous line graphs);

Elevator Operator (Line Graphs)
Graphing Skills
Mascot Election (Pictographs and Bar Graphs)
Reaction Time 1 (Graphs and Statistics)
Reaction Time 2 (Graphs and Statistics)

6.3.2: compare, through investigation, different graphical representations of the same data (Sample problem: Use technology to help you compare the different types of graphs that can be created to represent a set of data about the number of runs or goals scored against each team in a tournament. Describe the similarities and differences that you observe.);

Box-and-Whisker Plots
Graphing Skills
Line Plots
Populations and Samples
Stem-and-Leaf Plots

6.3.3: explain how different scales used on graphs can influence conclusions drawn from the data;

Graphing Skills
Reaction Time 2 (Graphs and Statistics)

6.3.4: demonstrate an understanding of mean (e.g., mean differs from median and mode because it is a value that "balances" a set of data - like the centre point or fulcrum in a lever), and use the mean to compare two sets of related data, with and without the use of technology (Sample problem: Use the mean to compare the masses of backpacks of students from two or more Grade 6 classes.);

Describing Data Using Statistics
Line Plots
Mean, Median and Mode
Movie Reviewer (Mean and Median)
Populations and Samples
Reaction Time 1 (Graphs and Statistics)
Reaction Time 2 (Graphs and Statistics)

6.3.5: demonstrate, through investigation, an understanding of how data from charts, tables, and graphs can be used to make inferences and convincing arguments (e.g., describe examples found in newspapers and magazines).

Graphing Skills
Histograms
Mascot Election (Pictographs and Bar Graphs)
Reaction Time 1 (Graphs and Statistics)
Reaction Time 2 (Graphs and Statistics)

6.4: Probability

6.4.1: express theoretical probability as a ratio of the number of favourable outcomes to the total number of possible outcomes, where all outcomes are equally likely (e.g., the theoretical probability of rolling an odd number on a six-sided number cube is 3/6 because, of six equally likely outcomes, only three are favourable - that is, the odd numbers 1, 3, 5);

Geometric Probability - Activity A
Probability Simulations
Spin the Big Wheel! (Probability)
Theoretical and Experimental Probability

6.4.2: represent the probability of an event (i.e., the likelihood that the event will occur), using a value from the range of 0 (never happens or impossible) to 1 (always happens or certain);

Geometric Probability - Activity A
Probability Simulations
Spin the Big Wheel! (Probability)
Theoretical and Experimental Probability

6.4.3: predict the frequency of an outcome of a simple probability experiment or game, by calculating and using the theoretical probability of that outcome (e.g.,"The theoretical probability of spinning red is 1/4 since there are four different-coloured areas that are equal. If I spin my spinner 100 times, I predict that red should come up about 25 times."). (Sample problem: Create a spinner that has rotational symmetry. Predict how often the spinner will land on the same sector after 25 spins. Perform the experiment and compare the prediction to the results.).

Geometric Probability - Activity A
Polling: City
Probability Simulations
Spin the Big Wheel! (Probability)
Theoretical and Experimental Probability