9C.2: Physical Science

9C.2.1: Matter

9C.2.1.1: The periodic table illustrates how patterns in the physical and chemical properties of elements are related to atomic structure.

9C.2.1.1.1: Explain the relationship of an element?s position on the periodic table to its atomic number and electron configuration.

Electron Configuration
Element Builder

9C.2.1.1.2: Identify and compare trends on the periodic table, including reactivity and relative sizes of atoms and ions; use the trends to explain the properties of subgroups, including metals, nonmetals, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens and noble gases.

Electron Configuration

9C.2.1.2: Chemical and physical properties of matter result from the ability of atoms to form bonds.

9C.2.1.2.1: Explain how elements combine to form compounds through ionic and covalent bonding.

Covalent Bonds
Ionic Bonds

9C.2.1.2.3: Use IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) nomenclature to write chemical formulas and name molecular and ionic compounds, including those that contain polyatomic ions.

Covalent Bonds
Ionic Bonds

9C.2.1.2.4: Determine the molar mass of a compound from its chemical formula and a table of atomic masses; convert the mass of a molecular substance to moles, number of particles, or volume of gas at standard temperature and pressure.

Chemical Equations
Stoichiometry

9C.2.1.3: Chemical reactions describe a chemical change in which one or more reactants are transformed into one or more products.

9C.2.1.3.1: Classify chemical reactions as double replacement, single replacement, synthesis, decomposition or combustion.

Balancing Chemical Equations
Chemical Changes
Chemical Equations
Dehydration Synthesis
Equilibrium and Concentration

9C.2.1.3.4: Balance chemical equations by applying the laws of conservation of mass and constant composition.

Balancing Chemical Equations
Chemical Equations
Limiting Reactants
Stoichiometry

9C.2.1.3.5: Use the law of conservation of mass to describe and calculate relationships in a chemical reaction, including molarity, mole/mass relationships, mass/volume relations, limiting reactants and percent yield.

Chemical Equations
Limiting Reactants

9C.2.1.3.6: Describe the factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction, including temperature, pressure, mixing, concentration, particle size, surface area and catalyst.

Collision Theory

9C.2.1.3.7: Recognize that some chemical reactions are reversible and that not all chemical reactions go to completion.

Equilibrium and Concentration

9C.2.1.4: States of matter can be described in terms of motion of molecules. The properties and behavior of gases can be explained using the kinetic molecular theory.

9C.2.1.4.1: Use kinetic molecular theory to explain how changes in energy content affect the state of matter (solid, liquid and gaseous phases).

Phase Changes

9C.2.1.4.2: Use the kinetic molecular theory to explain the behavior of gases and the relationship among temperature, pressure, volume and the number of particles.

Temperature and Particle Motion