PS.1: The student will analyze graphical displays of univariate data, including dotplots, stemplots, and histograms, to identify and describe patterns and departures from patterns, using central tendency, spread, clusters, gaps, and outliers. Appropriate technology will be used to create graphical displays.

Correlation
Mean, Median, and Mode
Stem-and-Leaf Plots

PS.2: The student will analyze numerical characteristics of univariate data sets to describe patterns and departures from patterns, using mean, median, mode, variance, standard deviation, interquartile range, range, and outliers.

Mean, Median, and Mode
Stem-and-Leaf Plots

PS.3: The student will compare distributions of two or more univariate data sets, analyzing center and spread (within group and between group variations), clusters and gaps, shapes, outliers, or other unusual features.

Box-and-Whisker Plots
Describing Data Using Statistics
Mean, Median, and Mode
Populations and Samples
Real-Time Histogram

PS.4: The student will analyze scatterplots to identify and describe the relationship between two variables, using shape; strength of relationship; clusters; positive, negative, or no association; outliers; and influential points.

Correlation
Least-Squares Best Fit Lines
Solving Using Trend Lines

PS.5: The student will find and interpret linear correlation, use the method of least squares regression to model the linear relationship between two variables, and use the residual plots to assess linearity.

Correlation
Least-Squares Best Fit Lines
Solving Using Trend Lines

PS.8: The student will describe the methods of data collection in a census, sample survey, experiment, and observational study and identify an appropriate method of solution for a given problem setting.

Describing Data Using Statistics
Polling: City
Polling: Neighborhood

PS.9: The student will plan and conduct a survey. The plan will address sampling techniques (e.g., simple random, stratified) and methods to reduce bias.

Polling: City
Polling: Neighborhood

PS.10: The student will plan and conduct an experiment. The plan will address control, randomization, and measurement of experimental error.

Polling: City
Polling: Neighborhood

PS.11: The student will identify and describe two or more events as complementary, dependent, independent, and/or mutually exclusive.

Independent and Dependent Events

PS.12: The student will find probabilities (relative frequency and theoretical), including conditional probabilities for events that are either dependent or independent, by applying the Law of Large Numbers concept, the addition rule, and the multiplication rule.

Independent and Dependent Events
Theoretical and Experimental Probability

PS.14: The student will simulate probability distributions, including binomial and geometric.

Binomial Probabilities
Geometric Probability

PS.16: The student will identify properties of a normal distribution and apply the normal distribution to determine probabilities, using a table or graphing calculator.

Polling: City

PS.19: The student will identify the meaning of sampling distribution with reference to random variable, sampling statistic, and parameter and explain the Central Limit Theorem. This will include sampling distribution of a sample proportion, a sample mean, a difference between two sample proportions, and a difference between two sample means.

Polling: City
Populations and Samples